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Ignition distributor is an electrical device designed for intermittent opening of the chain of low voltage and high voltage distribution to the spark plugs in accordance with how the engine cylinders work. The distributor consists of a breaker, distributor, as well as centrifugal and vacuum regulator. The ignition distributor is installed in front of the engine and is operated through a special spiral wheel stop from the camshaft. Ignition distributor is installed on the end of the camshaft and is driven by the camshaft.

The gap between the breaker contacts on the ignition distributor can be installed in two ways. It can be measured with a set of plates to measure the gap or by measuring with a special device the length of the closed state of the breaker contacts relative to the angle of rotation of the crankshaft. The second method is particularly used where an exact adjustment of contacts is necessary and where there is a used (old) breaker distributor. Most probably, there is a transfer of the metal on contact surfaces of the contact, i.e. the formation of the crater (erosion of the contact surface) and the hills.

It is necessary to make sure that the breaker contacts always are in a good condition and the contacts’ end-faces are in contact with each other. If there is a mismatch between the end-face contacts, it immediately leads to their rapid deterioration, overheating and corrosion.

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What is necessary to know about ignition distributor: lifetime limits, common defects and their signs, tips and recommendations.

Manufacturers do not set a specific lifetime limit for the ignition system distributor. Generally, this component requires replacement due to oxidation and short circuit of terminals, wear-out of bearing and shaft sleeves, breakdown of sensors.

Main signs of component defect are worsening of car dynamics, jerks during driving, difficult engine start, lowering of power, and failures in engine operation at idling. Excessive fuel consumption, knocking of the piston pins during acceleration, and pops in the silencer are also possible.

It is possible to perform diagnostics only at a service station, as special knowledge and professional equipment are necessary for it. The component is demounted, inspected for presence of deposit, cracks, condensate, corrosion and thermal damages, and is also tested with a help of a control-inspection stand.

Replacement of the distributor is performed at a service station. For this, the negative terminal is disconnected from the battery, then high-voltage and low-voltage wires are disconnected from the distributor. Construction of some cars presupposes disconnection of the vacuum regulator hose. Then, by unscrewing fasteners, a defective distributor is being removed, and a new one is installed to its place.